AFRICAN LITERATURE
Study Guide
LITERATURE
Articles
GENRES (Poetry - Drama - Fiction - Autobiography - Essay) PERIODS (Postclassical - E Modern - 19th Century - 20th Century)
Literary Works
AFRICAN FRANCOPHONE NOVELISTS
BURKINO FASO Bazié, Jacques Prosper Le Cri du silence (1992) (The Cry of Silence) • Boni, Nazi, Crépuscule des temps anciens (1962) (Twilight of the Ancient Times) Ilboudo, Monique Le Mal de peau (1992) (Skin Pain) Ilboudo, Pierre-Claver Le Procès du cochon (1998) (The Trial of the Pig) Nikiema, Roger Le Sang des masques (1980) (Blood of the Masks) Zongo, Norbert Rougbêinga (1983) (Rougbêinga, no English translation), Le Parachutage (1990) (The Parachuting, no English translation)
CameroonBebey, Francis Le Roi Albert d’Effidi (1994) (King Albert of Effidi) Beti, Mongo Le Pauvre Christ de Bomba (1956) (The Poor Christ of Bomba) Liking, Werewere Elle sera de jaspe et de corail (1983) (It Shall Be of Jasper and Coral) Nganang, Patrice Temps de chien (2001) (Dog Days) Oyono, Ferdinand HOUSEBOY / Une vie de boy (1956)-OLD MAN AND THE MEDAL / Le Vieux nègre et la Médaille Philombe, René Un Sorcier blanc à Zangali (1973) (A White Sorcerer in Zangali)
ChadBrahim Seid, Joseph Un enfant du Tchad (1967) (A Child of Chad)Nimrod Le Départ (1999) (The Departure) ComorosHatubou, Salim Les Fils du soleil (1994) (Sons of the Sun) Toihiri, Mohamed La République des Imberbes (1985) (The Republic of the Beardless)
Republic of the Congo (Congo-Brazzaville)Lopes, Henri Le Pleurer-rire (1982) (The Laughing Cry) Menga, Guy La Palabre stérile (1972) (The Sterile Palaver) Sony Labou Tansi La Vie et demie (1979) (Life and a Half) Tati Loutard Jean-Baptiste Le Récit de la nuit (1987) (The Tale of the Night)Tchicaya U Tam’si Le Ventre (1956) (The Belly) Democratic Republic of the CongoDongala, Emmanuel Le Feu des origines (1987) (The Fire of Origins) Miano, Léonora Contours du jour qui vient (2006) (Contours of the Day That Comes) Mudimbe, V. Y. BETWEEN TIDES / Entre les eaux (1973)-RIFT / L’Ecart (1979)Ngandu Nkashama Pius, La Mort faite homme (1986) (Death Made Man)
DjiboutiMohamed Robleh, Aïcha La Dévoilée (1999) (The Unveiled Woman) Waberi, Abdourahman Balbala (1998) (Balbala), Aux États-Unis d’Afrique (2006) (In the United States of Africa)
GabonBessora 53 cm (1999) (53 cm) Mintsa, Justine Histoire d’Awu (2000) (Awu’s Story) Rawiri, Georges La Coupe du roi (1983) (The King’s Cup)
GuineaLaye, Camara DARK CHILD / L’Enfant noir (1953), Le Regard du roi (1954) (The Radiance of the King) Monénembo, Tierno Les Crapauds-brousse (1979) (The Bush Toads), Le Roi de Kahel (2008) (The King of Kahel) Sassine, Williams Le Jeune homme de sable (1979) (The Sand Young Man, no English translation) Niane, D.T. SUNDIATA: AN EPIC OF OLD MALI
Ivory CoastAdiaffi, Jean-Marie La Carte d’identité (1980) (The Identity Card) Diallo, Aly La Fin du voyage (1985) (The End of the Journey) Dadié, Bernard Binlin Climbié (1952), Un Nègre à Paris (1959) (A Negro in Paris), Patron de New York (1964) (Boss of New York) Koné, Amadou Les Frasques d’Ébinto (1979) (Ebinto’s Escapades) Kourouma, Ahmadou SUNS OF INDEPENCE / Les Soleils des indépendances (1968), Allah n’est pas obligé (2000) (Allah Is Not Obliged) Loba, Aké, Kocoumbo l’étudiant noir (1960) (Kocoumbo, the Black Student) Tadjo, Véronique L’Ombre d’Imana (2000) (The Shadow of Imana), Reine Pokou (2004) (Queen Pokou) Yaou, Regina La Citadine (1985) (The City Woman), La Révolte d’Affiba (1999) (Affiba’s Revolt, Les Coups de la vie (2005) (The Blows of Life)
MadagascarRabearivelo, Jean-Joseph L’Aube rouge (1930) (Red Dawn) Raharimanana, Jean-Luc Nour, 1947 (2001) (Nour, 1947) Rakotoson, Michèle Elle, au printemps (1996) (She, in Spring)
MaliBâ, Amadou Hampâté L’Étrange destin de Wangrin (1973) (The Fortunes of Wangrin) Ouologuem, Yambo Le Devoir de violence (1968) (Bound to Violence) Sissoko, Fily Dabo La Passion de Djimé (1954) (The Passion of Djimé)
MauritiusDe Souza, Carl Les Jours Kaya (2000) (Kaya Days) Devi, Ananda Eve de ses décombres (2006) (Eve Out of Her Ruins) Le Clézio, J. M. G. Le Chercheur d’or (1985) (The Prospector)
NigerMamani, Abdoulaye Sarrounia (1980) (Sarrounia: The Queen of the Azna) Oumarou, Idé Le Représentant (1974) (The Representative)
SenegalBâ, Mariama SO LONG A LETTER / Une si longue lettre (1979) Diome, Fatou Le Ventre de l’Atlantique (2003) (The Belly of the Atlantic) Diop, Boubacar Boris Murambi, le livre des ossements (2000) (Murambi: The Book of Bones) Kane, Cheikh Hamidou L’Aventure ambiguë (1961) (Ambiguous Adventure) Sadji, Abdoulaye Nini, mulâtresse du Sénégal (1947) (Nini, Mulatto Girl of Senegal, no English translation) Sembène, Ousmane Les Bouts de bois de Dieu (1960) (God’s Bits of Wood)-XALA(1973)Sow Fall, Aminata La Grève des bàttu (1979) (The Beggars’ Strike), L’Appel des arènes (1982) (The Call of the Arenas)
AFRICAN ANGLOPHONE NOVELISTS KENYA
Ngugi wa Thiong’o(1938- ) GRAIN OF WHEAT, A(1967)-WIZARD OF THE CROW(2004)
LESOTHO
Mofolo, Thomas(1876-1948) CHAKA(1925)
NIGERIA
Tutuol, Chinua(1930-2013) PALM-WINE DRINKARD(1952)Achebe, Chinua(1930-2013) THINGS FALL APART(1958)-NO LONGER AT EASE (1960)-ARROW OF GOD (1964)-A MAN OF THE PEOPLE (1966)Amadi, Elechi(1934-2016) CONCUBINE(1966)Soyinka, Wole(1934- ) DEATH AND THE KING’S HORSEMAN(1975)Emecheta, Buchi(1944-2017) BRIDE PRICE(1976)
SOUTH AFRICA
Schreiner, Olive(1855-1920) STORY OF AN AFRICAN FARM(1883)Paton, Alan(1903-1988) CRY, THE BELOVED COUNTRY(1948)Renault, Mary(1905-1983) LAST OF THE WINE(1956)Gordimer, Nadine(1923-2014) CONSERVATIONIST(1974)-JULY’S PEOPLE(1981)Fugard, Athol(1932- ) ‘‘MASTER HAROLD” ... AND THE BOYS(1932)Head, Bessi(1937-1986) WHEN RAIN CLOUDS GATHER(1968)Coetzee, J. M.(1940- ) WAITING FOR THE BARBARIANS(1980)-LIFE AND TIMES OF MICHAEL K(1983)-DISGRACE(1999)
ZIMBABWE
Lessing, Doris(1919-2013) GOLDEN NOTEBOOK (1962)-FIFTH CHILD(1988)
GENRES (Poetry - Drama - Fiction - Autobiography - Essay) PERIODS (Postclassical - E Modern - 19th Century - 20th Century)
Literary Works
AFRICAN FRANCOPHONE NOVELISTS
BURKINO FASO Bazié, Jacques Prosper Le Cri du silence (1992) (The Cry of Silence) • Boni, Nazi, Crépuscule des temps anciens (1962) (Twilight of the Ancient Times) Ilboudo, Monique Le Mal de peau (1992) (Skin Pain) Ilboudo, Pierre-Claver Le Procès du cochon (1998) (The Trial of the Pig) Nikiema, Roger Le Sang des masques (1980) (Blood of the Masks) Zongo, Norbert Rougbêinga (1983) (Rougbêinga, no English translation), Le Parachutage (1990) (The Parachuting, no English translation)
CameroonBebey, Francis Le Roi Albert d’Effidi (1994) (King Albert of Effidi) Beti, Mongo Le Pauvre Christ de Bomba (1956) (The Poor Christ of Bomba) Liking, Werewere Elle sera de jaspe et de corail (1983) (It Shall Be of Jasper and Coral) Nganang, Patrice Temps de chien (2001) (Dog Days) Oyono, Ferdinand HOUSEBOY / Une vie de boy (1956)-OLD MAN AND THE MEDAL / Le Vieux nègre et la Médaille Philombe, René Un Sorcier blanc à Zangali (1973) (A White Sorcerer in Zangali)
ChadBrahim Seid, Joseph Un enfant du Tchad (1967) (A Child of Chad)Nimrod Le Départ (1999) (The Departure) ComorosHatubou, Salim Les Fils du soleil (1994) (Sons of the Sun) Toihiri, Mohamed La République des Imberbes (1985) (The Republic of the Beardless)
Republic of the Congo (Congo-Brazzaville)Lopes, Henri Le Pleurer-rire (1982) (The Laughing Cry) Menga, Guy La Palabre stérile (1972) (The Sterile Palaver) Sony Labou Tansi La Vie et demie (1979) (Life and a Half) Tati Loutard Jean-Baptiste Le Récit de la nuit (1987) (The Tale of the Night)Tchicaya U Tam’si Le Ventre (1956) (The Belly) Democratic Republic of the CongoDongala, Emmanuel Le Feu des origines (1987) (The Fire of Origins) Miano, Léonora Contours du jour qui vient (2006) (Contours of the Day That Comes) Mudimbe, V. Y. BETWEEN TIDES / Entre les eaux (1973)-RIFT / L’Ecart (1979)Ngandu Nkashama Pius, La Mort faite homme (1986) (Death Made Man)
DjiboutiMohamed Robleh, Aïcha La Dévoilée (1999) (The Unveiled Woman) Waberi, Abdourahman Balbala (1998) (Balbala), Aux États-Unis d’Afrique (2006) (In the United States of Africa)
GabonBessora 53 cm (1999) (53 cm) Mintsa, Justine Histoire d’Awu (2000) (Awu’s Story) Rawiri, Georges La Coupe du roi (1983) (The King’s Cup)
GuineaLaye, Camara DARK CHILD / L’Enfant noir (1953), Le Regard du roi (1954) (The Radiance of the King) Monénembo, Tierno Les Crapauds-brousse (1979) (The Bush Toads), Le Roi de Kahel (2008) (The King of Kahel) Sassine, Williams Le Jeune homme de sable (1979) (The Sand Young Man, no English translation) Niane, D.T. SUNDIATA: AN EPIC OF OLD MALI
Ivory CoastAdiaffi, Jean-Marie La Carte d’identité (1980) (The Identity Card) Diallo, Aly La Fin du voyage (1985) (The End of the Journey) Dadié, Bernard Binlin Climbié (1952), Un Nègre à Paris (1959) (A Negro in Paris), Patron de New York (1964) (Boss of New York) Koné, Amadou Les Frasques d’Ébinto (1979) (Ebinto’s Escapades) Kourouma, Ahmadou SUNS OF INDEPENCE / Les Soleils des indépendances (1968), Allah n’est pas obligé (2000) (Allah Is Not Obliged) Loba, Aké, Kocoumbo l’étudiant noir (1960) (Kocoumbo, the Black Student) Tadjo, Véronique L’Ombre d’Imana (2000) (The Shadow of Imana), Reine Pokou (2004) (Queen Pokou) Yaou, Regina La Citadine (1985) (The City Woman), La Révolte d’Affiba (1999) (Affiba’s Revolt, Les Coups de la vie (2005) (The Blows of Life)
MadagascarRabearivelo, Jean-Joseph L’Aube rouge (1930) (Red Dawn) Raharimanana, Jean-Luc Nour, 1947 (2001) (Nour, 1947) Rakotoson, Michèle Elle, au printemps (1996) (She, in Spring)
MaliBâ, Amadou Hampâté L’Étrange destin de Wangrin (1973) (The Fortunes of Wangrin) Ouologuem, Yambo Le Devoir de violence (1968) (Bound to Violence) Sissoko, Fily Dabo La Passion de Djimé (1954) (The Passion of Djimé)
MauritiusDe Souza, Carl Les Jours Kaya (2000) (Kaya Days) Devi, Ananda Eve de ses décombres (2006) (Eve Out of Her Ruins) Le Clézio, J. M. G. Le Chercheur d’or (1985) (The Prospector)
NigerMamani, Abdoulaye Sarrounia (1980) (Sarrounia: The Queen of the Azna) Oumarou, Idé Le Représentant (1974) (The Representative)
SenegalBâ, Mariama SO LONG A LETTER / Une si longue lettre (1979) Diome, Fatou Le Ventre de l’Atlantique (2003) (The Belly of the Atlantic) Diop, Boubacar Boris Murambi, le livre des ossements (2000) (Murambi: The Book of Bones) Kane, Cheikh Hamidou L’Aventure ambiguë (1961) (Ambiguous Adventure) Sadji, Abdoulaye Nini, mulâtresse du Sénégal (1947) (Nini, Mulatto Girl of Senegal, no English translation) Sembène, Ousmane Les Bouts de bois de Dieu (1960) (God’s Bits of Wood)-XALA(1973)Sow Fall, Aminata La Grève des bàttu (1979) (The Beggars’ Strike), L’Appel des arènes (1982) (The Call of the Arenas)
AFRICAN ANGLOPHONE NOVELISTS KENYA
Ngugi wa Thiong’o(1938- ) GRAIN OF WHEAT, A(1967)-WIZARD OF THE CROW(2004)
LESOTHO
Mofolo, Thomas(1876-1948) CHAKA(1925)
NIGERIA
Tutuol, Chinua(1930-2013) PALM-WINE DRINKARD(1952)Achebe, Chinua(1930-2013) THINGS FALL APART(1958)-NO LONGER AT EASE (1960)-ARROW OF GOD (1964)-A MAN OF THE PEOPLE (1966)Amadi, Elechi(1934-2016) CONCUBINE(1966)Soyinka, Wole(1934- ) DEATH AND THE KING’S HORSEMAN(1975)Emecheta, Buchi(1944-2017) BRIDE PRICE(1976)
SOUTH AFRICA
Schreiner, Olive(1855-1920) STORY OF AN AFRICAN FARM(1883)Paton, Alan(1903-1988) CRY, THE BELOVED COUNTRY(1948)Renault, Mary(1905-1983) LAST OF THE WINE(1956)Gordimer, Nadine(1923-2014) CONSERVATIONIST(1974)-JULY’S PEOPLE(1981)Fugard, Athol(1932- ) ‘‘MASTER HAROLD” ... AND THE BOYS(1932)Head, Bessi(1937-1986) WHEN RAIN CLOUDS GATHER(1968)Coetzee, J. M.(1940- ) WAITING FOR THE BARBARIANS(1980)-LIFE AND TIMES OF MICHAEL K(1983)-DISGRACE(1999)
ZIMBABWE
Lessing, Doris(1919-2013) GOLDEN NOTEBOOK (1962)-FIFTH CHILD(1988)