INDIAN CIVILIZATION
Study Guides Indian History Indian Literature Indian Cinema
STUDY GUIDES
Indian History Indian Literature Indian Culture Indian Autobiography
INDIAN CIVILIZATION
HISTORY (Ancient-Postclassical-E Modern-19th-20th) POL(Government-Military) SOC(Class-Gender) ECO(Innovation-Trade) CUL(Rel-Phi-Sci-Art-Lit)
CULTURE (Ancient-Postclassical-E Modern-19th-20th ) VERBAL(Lit-Lng-Script-Myth-Folklore) VISUAL(Pnt-Sculp-Arch) PERFORMING(Dnc-Mus-Thea-Cin)
LITERATURE (Ancient-Postclassical-E Modern-19th-20th) GENRES (Poetry - Drama - Fiction - Autobiography -Essay )
CIVILIZATION Ancient (His-Cul-Lit) Postclassical(His-Cul-Lit) Early Modern(His-Cul-Lit) 19th Century(His-Cul-Lit) 20th Century(His-Cul-Lit)
INDIAN HISTORY
HISTORY POLITICAL HISTORY SOCIAL HISTORY ECONOMIC HISTORY CULTURAL HISTORY
(Government-Military) (Class-Gender) (Innovation-Trade) (Science-Art-Religion-Philosophy-Literature)
ANCIENT Political History Social History Economic History Cultural History
POSTCLASSICAL Political History Social History Economic History Cultural History
EARLY MODERN Political History Social History Economic History Cultural History
19TH CENTURY Political History Social History Economic History Cultural History
20TH CENTURY Political History Social History Economic History Cultural History
INDIAN CULTURE
CULTURE VERBAL ARTS VISUAL ARTS PERFORMING ARTS
(Lit-Lng-Script-Myth-Folklore) (Pnt-Sculp-Arch ) (Dnc-Mus-Thea-Cin)
ANCIENT Verbal Arts Visual Arts Performing Arts
POSTCLASSICAL Verbal Arts Visual Arts Performing Arts
EARLY MODERN Verbal Arts Visual Arts Performing Arts
19TH CENTURY Verbal Arts Visual Arts Performing Arts
20TH CENTURY Verbal Arts Visual Arts Performing Arts
INDIAN LITERATURE
LITERATURE GENRES POETRY DRAMA ESSAY AUTO?BIOGRAPHY FICTION
ANCIENT Poetry Drama Essay Fiction
POSTCLASSICAL Poetry Drama Essay Auto/biography Fiction
EARLY MODERN Poetry Drama Essay Auto/biography Fiction
19TH CENTURY Poetry Drama Essay Auto/biography Fiction
20TH CENTURY Poetry Drama Essay Auto/biography Fiction
LITERARY WORKS
Ancient Period
Religious Hinduism VEDAS (c. 1500-900 BCE) - UPANISHAD (c. 800 BCE) Buddhism THERAVADA (3rd BCE) - MAHAYANA (2nd BCE)
Poetry Epics Vyasa MAHABHARATA Valmiki RAMAYANA (B.C.E.500)
Life Writing Asvaghosa (100 - 150 CE) BUDDHACARITA
Fiction PANCATANTRA
Classical Period
Poetry Sanskrit Kalidasa (5th cc. C.E.) BIRTH OF KUMARA - DYNASTY OF RAGHU-CLOUD MESSENGER Bharthari - SATAKATRAYA Magha - SLAYING OF SHIHUPALA
Epics Bharavi KIRATA AND ARJUNA
Tamil Epics Ilango Atikal CILAPPTIKARAM Sattanar MANIMEKALAI
Drama Bhasa Sudraka LITTLE CLAY CART(2-6th cc. C.E.) Kalidasa (5th cc. C.E.) SAKUNTALÂ (5th cc.C.E. )
Essay DHARMA SASTRAS (LAW BOOKS)
Fiction Dandin - ADVENTURES OF THE TEN PRINCES/DASAKUMARACARITA Bana - KADAMBARI Subandhu - VASAVADATTA Buddhaghosa - JATAKA
Life Writing Bana HARSHACARITA (Harsha's biography)
Postclassical Period
Poetry Epics Kampan RAMAYANA Tirutakkatevar CIVAKACINTAMANI Tolamolittevar CULAMANI Jayankontar KALINGALUTTAPARANI
Devotional Sankskrit Jayadeva GITA GOVINDA Kannada Hindi Tamil SONGS TO VISHNU SONGS TO SIVA
Life Writing Tamil Cekillar PERIYAPURANAM (biographies of Tamil poet-saints)
Fiction Sankskrit SHIVA PURANA Somadeva KATHASARITSAGARA/OCEAN OF STORIES (11th CentUry CE)
HITOPADESA (Animal Fables - Statecraft) - VETALAPANCAVIMSATI (Vampires)
Karki Veṅkaṭaramaṇa Śāstrī Sūri VIKRAMARKA CHARITRAMU (Story of Vikramaditya)
Kannada Janna YASHODHARA CHARITE (Jain Values and beliefs) Nanjunda Kavi RAMANATHA CHARITE
Hindi Tulsi Das RAMCHARITMANAS/LAKE /LAKE OF THE DEEDS OF RAMA (Ramayana)
Oral Epics Tamil PABUJI - ANNANMAR (‘Two Brothers’) - BOW SONG (MUTTUPPATTAN, TAMPIMAR)
Early Modern Period
Poetry Indo-Persian
Life Writing Indo-Persian Babur(1483-1530 CE) - BABURNAMA (1494-1530 CE) Abul Fazl (1551-1602 CE) - AKBARNAMA
Hindi Banarasi (1586-1643 CE) HALF A STORY/ARDHAKATHANAK
Fiction Indo-Persian HAMZANAMA Jayasi - PADMAVAT Nakhshabi - TUTI-NAMA
19th Century
Pillai, S. V. (1826-1889) LIFE OF PRATHAPA MUDALIAR/PRATHAPA MUDALIAR CHARITHRAM (First novel in Tamil)
Bankim Chandra Chatterjee (Chattopadhyay, B. C. ) (1838-1894) KRISHNAKANTA'S WILL - SACRED BROTHERHOOD - POISON TREE
Menon, O. Chandu (1847–1899) INDULEKHA (First novel in Malayalam)
Tagore, Rabindranath (1861-1941) BROKEN NEST - GRAIN of SAND - FAIR-FACED - HOME and WORLD
Aiyar, B. R. Rajam (1872-1898) FATAL RUMOR/KAMALAMPAL CARITTIRAM
Premchand (1880-1936) SEVASADAN - GIFT OF COW
B. Bandyopadhyay (1894-1950) SONG of the ROAD - UNVANQUISHED
20th Century
Anand, Mulk Raj (1905-2004) UNTOUCHABLE - COOLIE - TWO LEAVES and a BUD - VILLAGE - ACROSS THE BLACK WATERS - SWORD and SICKLE - BIG HEART
Narayan, R. K. (1906-2001) SWAMI and FRIENDS - BACHELOR of ARTS - DARKROOM - ENGLISH TEACHER - PRINTER of MALGUDI - FINANCIAL EXPERT - WAITING FOR THE MAHATMA - GUIDE - MAN-EATER OF MALGUDI - VENDOR OF SWEETS - PAINTER of SIGNS - WORLD OF NAGARAJ
Rao, Raja KANTHAPURA - THE SERPENT and THE ROPE
Ali, Ahmet TWILIGHT IN DELHI
Singh, Khushwant TRAIN to PAKISTAN - DELHI: A NOVEL
Mitra, Narendranath MAHANAGAR / BIG CITY
Markandaya, Kamala NECTAR IN A SIEVE - SILENCE of DESIRE - A HANDFUL OF RICE
Jhabvala, Ruth Prawer (1927-2013) NATURE of PASSION - HEAT and DUST (1975)
Ananthamurthy, U. R. SAMSKARA
Desai, Anita (1937- ) CRY, The PEACOCK - BYE-BYE BLACKBIRD - FIRE ON THE MOUNTAIN - CLEAR LIGHT OF DAY - IN CUSTODY -
BRAUMGARTNER'S BOMBAY - FASTING FEASTING
Mukherjee, Bharati(1940-2017) JASMINE
Rushdie, Salman(1947- ) MIDNIGHT’S CHILDREN - SATANIC VERSES
Ghosh, Amitav GLASS PALACE - HUNGRY TIDE - SEA of POPPIES - RIVER of SMOKE - FLOOD of FIRE
Chatterjee, Upamanyu ENGLISH, AUGUST: AN INDIAN STORY - THE LAST BURDEN
Roy, Arundhati (1961- ) GOD of SMALL THINGS
Chaudhuri, Amit STRANGE and SUBLIME ADDRESS - IMMORTALS
Desai, Kiran HULLABOLU GUAVA ORCHARD - INHERITANCE of LOSS
Adiga, Aravind WHITE TIGER - LAST MAN in the TOWER
Bhagat, Chetan ONE INDIAN GIRL - TWO STATES - HALF GIRLFRIEND
INDIAN CINEMA
Modi, Sohrab (1897-1984) Sikandar (1941)
Bose, nitin (1897-1986) Gunga jumna (1961)
V. Shantaram (1901-1990) UNEXPECTED/Duniya na manel (1917)-Do aankhen baarah haath (1957)
Barua, P C (1903-1951) Devdas (1935)
Khan, Mehboob (1907-1964) Anmal Ghadi (1946)-Andaz (1949)-MOTHER INDIA (1957)
Meiyappan, A V (1907-1979) WE TWO/Naam Iruvar (1947)
Bhatt, Vijay (1907-1993) Baiju Bawra (1952)
Mukherjee, Gyan (1909-1956) Kismet (1943)
Roy, Bimal (1909-1965) TWO ACRES OF LAND/Do Bigha Zamin (1953)-Devdas (1955)-Madhumati (1958)-Bandini (1963)
Wadia, Homi (1911-2004) Diamond Queen (1940)
Kar, Ajoy (1914-1985) RITUAL OF THE SEVEN STEPS/Saptapadi (1961)
Chopra, B R (1914-2008) Naya Daur (1957)-Nikaah (1982)
Anand , Chetan (1915-1997) Hageeqat (1964)
Bose, Satyen (1916-1993) Chalti ka naam gaadi (1958)
Amrohi, Kamal (1918-1993) PURE/Pakeezah (1971)
Ray, Satyajit(1921-1992) SONG OF THE LITTLE ROAD/Pather Panchali (1955)-UNVANQUISHED/Aparajito (1956)-MUSIC ROOM/Jalsaghar (1958)-
WORLD OF APU/Apursansar (1959) - GODDESS/Devi (1960) - MT. KACHENJUNGHA(1962) - EXPEDITION/Abhijan (1962) -
BIG CITY/Mahanagar (1963) - LONELY WIFE/Charulata (1964) - HERO/Nayak (1966)-DAYS AND NIGHTS IN THE FOREST/Aranyer Din Ratri (1970)- ADVERSARY/Pratidwandi (1970) - COMPANY LIMITED/Seemabaddha (1971) - DISTANT THUNDER/Ashani Ranket (1973) -
MIDDLEMAN/Jana Aranya (1976) -CHESS PLAYERS/Shatranjke Khilari (1977) - HOME AND THE WORLD/Ghare Baire (1984) -
THE STRANGER/Agantuk (1992)
Mukherjee, Subodh (1921-2005) Junglee (1961)
K. Asif (1922-1971) Phool (1944)-MOGUL/Mughal-E-Azam) (1960)
Mukherjee, Hrishikesh (1922-2006) HAPPINESS/Anand (1971)-Abhimaan (1973)-MAYHEM/Gol Maal (1979)
Anand, Dev (1923-2011) Hare Rama Hare Krishna (1971)
Sen, Mrinal(1923-2018) INTERVIEW (1971)-CALCUTTA 71(1971) - FOOT SOLDIER/Padatik (1973)-ROYAL HUNT/Mrigayya (1976)- IN SEARCH OF FAMINE(1980)
Kapoor, Raj (1924-1988) VAGABOND/Awaara (1951)-MR 420/Shree 420 (1955)-Sangam (1964)-MY NAME IS JOKER/Mera naam joker (1970)-Bobby (1973)
Sinha, Tapan (1924-2009) FROM KABUL/Kabuliwala (1957)-ONE'S OWN PEOPLE, NEAR AND DEAR/Apanjan (1968)-GARDEN OF BANCHA RAM/Bancharamer Bagan (1980)
Dutt, Guru (1925-1964) MR AND MRS '55 (1955)-THIRSTY/Pyaasa (1957)- PAPER FLOWERS/Kaagaz ke phool (1959)
Khosla, Raj (1925-1991) CID (1956)-Mera gaon mera desh (1971)-Main tulsi tere aangan ki (1978)
Chanakya, Tapi (1925-1973) Ram aur Shyam (1967)
Ghatak, Ritwick (1925-1976) CLOUD CAPPED STAR/Meghe dhaka tara (1960)-CITIZEN (NAGARIK) (1977)
Hussain, Nasir (1926-2002) Yaadan ki baaraat (1973)
Samanta, Shakti (1926-2009) A LIFE OF DEVOTION/Aradhana (1969)-IMMORTAL LOVE/Amar prem (1972)
Abrar, Alvi (1927-2009) MASTER, WIFE, SERVANT/Sahib, bibi, aur ghulam (1962)
Balachander, K (1930-2014) Ek duuje ke liye (1981)
Chatterji, Basu (1930- ) WHOLE SKY(1969)- MY BELOVED’S HOUSE (PIYA KA GHAR) (1972) -A SMALL MATTER(CHOTI SI BAAT) (1976)
Sathyu, M.S.(1930- ) SCORCHING WINDS (Garam hawa (1974)
Chopra, Yash (1932-2012) Waqt (1965)-WALL/Deewaar (1975)-Kabhi kabhie (1976)-Trishul (1978)-EVENTS.AFFAIR/Silsila (1981)-MOONLIGHT/Chandni (1989)-
Dil to pagal hai (1997)
Singh, Manmohan (1932- ) WELCOME/Jee aayan nu (2003)
Bhattacharya, Basu (1934-1997) Teesri kasam (1966)
Anand, Vijay (1934-2004) GUIDE (1965)-Teesri manzil (1966)-JEWEL THIEF (1967)-Johny mera naam (1970)
Benegal, Shyam(1934- ) SEEDLING/Ankur(1974)-CHURNING/Manthan (1976)-ROLE/Bhumika (1977)
Gulzar S S (Sampooran Singh Kalra) (1934- ) SEASON/Mausam (1975)-Angoor (1982)-MATCHES/Maachis 1996)
Aravind, Govindan (1935-1991) THRONE OF CAPRICORN/Uttarayanam (1974)
Desai, Manmohan (1937-1994) Amar, Akbar, Anthony (1977)
Kumar, Manoj (1937- ) Upkar (1967)-Purab aur pachhim (1970)-Rati kapada aur makaan (1974)
Karnad, Girish(1938- ) FOREST, THE(1973)- ONCE UPON A TIME(1979)
Mehra, Prakash (1939-2009) CHAINS/Zanjeer (1973)
Khan, Feroz (1939-2009) Qurbani (1980)
Nihalani, Govind (1940- ) HALF TRUTH/Ardh satya (1983)
Gopalakrishnan, Adoor (1941- ) ONE'S OWN CHOICE/Swayamvaram (1973)-RAT TRAP/Elippathayam (1982)
Chaudhri, Amin Q.(1942- ) TIGER WARSAW(1988)
Patel, Jabbar (1942- ) THRESHOLD/Umbartha (1982)
Dasgupta, Buddhadev (1944-2021) BITTER MORSEL/Neem annapurna (1979)
Ali, Muzaffar (1944- ) Umrao Jaan (1981)
Sen, Aparna(1945-) 36 CHOWRINGHEE LANE (1981)- ULTIMATE WOMAN/Paroma (1984)
Sarin, Vic(1945- ) COLD COMFORT(1989)
Kapur, Shekhar (1945-) Masom (1982)-Mr India (1987)-BANDIT QUEEN (1994)
Subhash, Babbar (1945- ) DISCO DANCER (1982)
Ghai, Subhash (1945- ) Karz (1980)-Khalnayak (1993)
Shah, Kundan (1947-2017) LET IT GO, FRIENDS/Jaane bhi do yaaro (1983)
Sippy, Ramesh (1947-) Seeta aur Geeta (1972)-EMBERS/Sholay (1975) - PRIDE/Shaan ( 1980)-Shakti (1982
Bhatt, Mahesh (1948- ) MEANING/Arth (1982)
Dutta, J P (1949- ) BORDER (1997)
Rushan, Rakesh (1949- ) Kaho na pyaar hai (2000)
Mehta, Deepa (1950- ) MARTHA, RUTH, AND EDIE(1988)-CAMILLA (1994)- EARTH (1999)- BOLLYWOOD/HOLLYWOOD (2002)- WATER (2005)
Deo, Baljit Singh (1950- ) MIRZA: UNTOLD STORY (2012)
Ghose, Goutam (1950- ) BOATMAN OF THE RIVER PADMA/Padma nadir majhi (1993)
Dhawan, David (1951- ) Aankhen (1993)
Barua, Jahnu (1952- ) CATASTROPHE/Halodhia choraye baodhan khai (1989)
Chandra, N (1952- ) Tezaab (1988)
Mehta, Ketan(1952- ) SPICES (1986)
Jha, Prakash (1952- ) RESERVATION/Aarakshan (2011)
Chopra, Vidhu Vinod (1952- ) Parinda (1989)-1942: A LOVE STORY (1994)
Sharma, Anil (1955- ) Gadar - Ek prem katha (2001)
Ratnam, Mani(1956-) SILENT SYMPHONY/Mouna raga (1986) - HERO/Nayakan (1987) - COMMANDER/Thalapathi (1991) - ROSE/Roja (1992) - THIEF, THIEF/Thiruda, Thiruda (1993)—BOMBAY(1995) - THE DUO/Iruvar (1997) -FROM THE HEART/Dilse (1998) -
THE WAVES ARE FLOWING/Alai payuthey (2000) - A PECK ON THE CHEEK/Kannathil muthamittal (2002) - YOUTH/Yuva (2004) -
AMIDST THE AIR/Kaatru veliyidai (2017)
Santoshi, Raj Kumar (1956- ) WOUNDED/Ghayal (1900)-THE LEGEND OF BHAGAT SINGH (2002)
Nair, Mira(1957- ) SALUTE BOMBAY/Salaam Bombay (1988)-MONSOON WEDDING (2001) - NAMESAKE (2006)
Mehta, Prakash (1959- ) Muqaddar ka Sikandar (1978)
Hai, Zafar PERFECT MURDER(1988)
Hirani, Rajkumar (1962- ) Munnabhai MBBS (2004)-CARRY ON, MUNNA BHAI/Lage raho Munna Bhai (2006)
Varma, Ram Gopal (1962- ) Rangeela (1995)-Roti kapada aur makaan (1974)-TRUTH/Satya (1998)
Ghosh, Rituparno (1963-2013) PASSION PLAY/Chokher Bali (2003)-COMPANION/Dosar (2006)-BOAT WRECK/Nouka dubi (2011)-TRUTH SEEKER/Satyanweshi (2013)
Shankar, S (1963) INDIAN (1996)-JEANS (1998)
Menon, Rajiv (1963- ) I HAVE SEEN, I HAVE SEEN/Kandukondain kandukondain (2000)
Bhansali, Sanjay Leela (1963- ) I HAVE GIVEN MY HEART AWAY/Hum dil de chuke sanam (1999)-Devdas (2002)-
Senthilkumar (1964- ) FLAG/Kodi (2016)
Gowanker, Ashutosh (1964- ) ONCE UPON A TIME IN INDIA-TAXATION/Lagaan (2001)
Barjatya, Sooraj (1965- ) Maine pyar kiya (1989)-Hum aakpe hain koun...! (1994)
Bhardwaj, Vishal (1965- ) MAQBOOL (2003)
Ghosh, Sujoy (1966-) STORY/Kahaani (2012) - REVENGE/Badla (2019)
Luthria, Milan (1968-) THE WALL (DEEWAAR) (2004)
Mehta, Hansal (1968- ) Shahid (2013)-Aligarh (2015)-Simran (2017)
Shiva, Muppalaneni (1968- ) Raja (1999)
Onir (Anirban Dhar (1969- ) MY BROTHER NIKHIL (2005)-I AM (2010)
Solomon, Prabhu (1969- ) Mynaa (2010)
Chopra, Aditya (1971- ) BRAVEHEART TAKES THE BRIDE/Dilwale dulhaniye le jayenge (1995)
Bahl, Vikas (1971- ) QUEEN (2013)
Kashyap, Anurag (1972) GANGS OF WASSEYPUR-UGLY (2014)
Johar, Karan (1972- ) SOMETHING HAPPENS/Kuch kuch hota hai (1998)-SOMETIMES HAPPINESS, SOMETIMES SORROW/Kabhi khushi kabhie gram (2001)
Vaitla, Srinu (1972- ) AGGRESSION/Dookudu (2011)
Rajamouli, S S (1973- ) CONCLUSION/Baahubali 2 (2017)
Akhtar, Farhan (1974- ) WHAT THE HEART WANTS/Dil chahta hai (2001)
Vetrimaaran (1975) NORTH CHENNAI/Vada chennai (2018)- DEMON/Asuran (2019)
Chaubey, Abhishek (1977- ) PUNJAB FLYING HIGH/Udta Punjab (2016)
Batra, Ritesh (1979-) LUNCHBOX (2013)
Sayed, Ashtar MOTHER/Maatr (2017)
Ghaywan, Neeraj (1980) CREMATORIUMMasaan (2015)
Subbaraj, Karthak(1983) PRESIDING GODDESS (2013)
Tamhane, Chaitanya (1987- ) COURT
Bahi, Ajay SECTION 375(2019)